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Synthesis of Graphene-Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites for Potential Use in Bone Tissue Engineering
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Electroactive graphene composite scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering.

Pamela Hitscherich1, Ashish Aphale2, Richard Gordan3

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey.

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part A
|October 17, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study explores graphene-poly(caprolactone) composite scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering. These electroactive scaffolds support cardiomyocyte growth and function, showing potential for improved cardiac repair applications.

Keywords:
calcium handlingcardiomyocytesconductiveembryonic stem cellsgraphenescaffolds

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Cardiomyocyte contraction depends on electrical signal propagation in the myocardium.
  • Electroactive materials like graphene are promising for cardiac tissue engineering.
  • Native myocardium's electroconductive networks are crucial for cardiac function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of 3D nanofibrous graphene and poly(caprolactone) (PCL + G) composite scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering.
  • To evaluate the electrical and biological properties of PCL + G scaffolds for supporting cardiomyocyte function.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of 3D nanofibrous PCL + G composite scaffolds.
  • Characterization of scaffold conductivity and graphene distribution.
  • Seeding and culturing of mouse embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (mES-CM) on scaffolds.
  • Assessment of cell adhesion, spontaneous contraction, phenotype, and Ca2+ handling.

Main Results:

  • PCL + G scaffolds exhibited increased volume conductivity with even graphene distribution.
  • Graphene provided conductive sites enabling external electrical stimulation.
  • mES-CM seeded on PCL + G scaffolds showed good adhesion, spontaneous contraction, and typical cardiomyocyte phenotype.
  • Graphene significantly affected Ca2+ handling properties of mES-CM compared to 2D cultures.

Conclusions:

  • Electroactive PCL + G scaffolds are biocompatible and support cardiomyocyte growth and function.
  • These composite scaffolds demonstrate potential for in vitro cardiac tissue engineering applications.
  • Graphene incorporation enhances electrical properties and influences cardiomyocyte calcium handling.