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Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Evaluating the Angiogenetic Properties of Ovarian Cancer Stem-Like Cells using the Three-Dimensional Co-Culture System, NICO-1
07:59

Evaluating the Angiogenetic Properties of Ovarian Cancer Stem-Like Cells using the Three-Dimensional Co-Culture System, NICO-1

Published on: December 5, 2020

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GEN-1 immunotherapy for the treatment of ovarian cancer

Premal H Thaker1, Nicholas Borys2, Jason Fewell2

  • 1Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.

Future Oncology (London, England)
|October 17, 2018
PubMed

GEN-1 is a gene-based immunotherapy, comprising a human IL-12 gene expression plasmid and a synthetic plasmid delivery system, delivered intraperitoneally (ip.) to produce local and persistent levels of a pleiotropic immunocytokine, IL-12, at the tumor site in patients with advanced ovarian cancer. The goal of local and persistent IL-12 delivery is to remodel the highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment to favor immune stimulation while avoiding serious systemic toxicities, a major limitation of recombinant IL-12 therapy. Safe and sustained local production of IL-12 and related immunocytokines at the tumor site could produce potentially more favorable immunological changes in the tumor microenvironment and antitumor responses than a bolus systemic delivery of recombinant IL-12. Treatment safety, clinical benefits and biological activity of GEN-1 ip. in patients with ovarian cancer and in representative animal models are described.

Keywords:
GEN-1IL-12immunocytokineimmunotherapyovarian cancerplasmid vector

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