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DNA methyltransferases and gastric cancer: insight into targeted therapy

Sadegh Fattahi1,2, Monireh Golpour3, Fatemeh Amjadi-Moheb4

  • 1Cellular & Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, 4717647745, Babol, Iran.

Epigenomics
|October 17, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Gastric cancer, a leading cause of cancer mortality, involves epigenetic changes from DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs). This review explores DNMTs in gastric cancer and their inhibition for treating drug-resistant tumors.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Epigenetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Gastric cancer is a significant global health concern and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide.
  • Epigenetic alterations, particularly DNA methylation mediated by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), are recognized hallmarks in gastric cancer development.
  • The reversible nature of epigenetic modifications presents therapeutic opportunities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the key factors and mechanisms influencing DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) levels in gastric cancer.
  • To discuss the role of these modifications in gastric cancer progression.
  • To explore the potential of DNMT inhibitors in overcoming multidrug resistance in gastric cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on epigenetic alterations in gastric cancer.
  • Analysis of factors influencing DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) levels, including genetic modifications, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and infections.
  • Examination of the therapeutic strategies involving DNMT inhibitors.

Main Results:

  • Genetic factors, SNPs, and infections can modify DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) levels in gastric cancer.
  • These modifications play a role in the progression of gastric cancer.
  • DNMT inhibitors show promise in enhancing chemotherapy efficacy, especially in multidrug-resistant gastric cancer.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the triggers of DNMT modification is crucial for gastric cancer research.
  • Targeting DNMTs offers a potential strategy to overcome treatment resistance in gastric cancer.
  • Further research into DNMT inhibition could lead to improved therapeutic outcomes for gastric cancer patients.
Keywords:
DNA methyltransferaseDNMTchemotherapydrug resistanceepigenetic alterationsgastric cancer

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