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Control of Eating Behavior Using a Novel Feedback System
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Feedback control optimisation of ESR experiments.

David L Goodwin1, William K Myers2, Christiane R Timmel2

  • 1School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield Campus, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; Institute for Biological Interfaces 4 - Magnetic Resonance, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.

Journal of Magnetic Resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)
|October 17, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Optimized microwave pulses enhance electron spin resonance (ESR) experiments by improving excitation efficiency and modulation depth. This fast, sample-specific method compensates for instrument distortions, boosting experimental performance.

Keywords:
AWGESRFeedback controlOOP-ESEEMSpin echo

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Area of Science:

  • Spectroscopy
  • Quantum Control
  • Magnetic Resonance

Background:

  • Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) spectroscopy is crucial for studying materials with unpaired electrons.
  • Arbitrary waveform generators (AWGs) enable precise control over microwave pulses in ESR.
  • Optimizing pulse shapes can significantly improve experimental outcomes, such as excitation efficiency and signal modulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a sample-specific numerical optimization method for microwave pulses in ESR.
  • To enhance excitation efficiency and modulation depth in ESR experiments.
  • To provide a practical tool for compensating instrumental pulse distortions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized numerically optimized microwave pulses with an arbitrary waveform generator.
  • Employed a sample-specific, gradient-free numerical optimization procedure targeting an objective function (e.g., echo integral).
  • Applied noise-resilient optimization methods, analogous to magnet shimming in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR).

Main Results:

  • Achieved higher excitation bandwidth and improved echo modulation depth compared to initial pulse shapes.
  • Demonstrated the method's effectiveness in spin echo and out-of-phase electron spin echo envelope modulation experiments.
  • Confirmed the procedure's speed (seconds) due to rapid electron spin relaxation and its independence from the linear response approximation.

Conclusions:

  • Numerically optimized microwave pulses offer a fast, convenient, and effective way to enhance ESR experiments.
  • This method is particularly valuable for compensating pulse distortions introduced by experimental instruments.
  • The technique complements advanced quantum optimal control methods and is integrated into the Spinach library.