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Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Treatment with Locking Intramedullary Nailing for Intertrochanteric Fracture of the Femur Utilizing a New Awl with a Distal Positioner
Published on: June 6, 2025
Pathologic fractures of the distal femur: Current concepts and treatment options
Julie J Willeumier1, C W P Gerco van der Wal1, Jan W Schoones2
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Abstract:
Pathologic fractures of the distal femur caused by bone metastases are not as common as those in the proximal femur but provide great difficulty to adequately treat. This systematic review shows that insufficient literature exists to draw clinically relevant conclusions for essential questions, such as "what factors indicate an endoprosthetic reconstruction for distal femur pathologic fractures?" Due to paucity of literature in the systematic review, a current concepts review (including treatment flowchart), based on instructional reviews and experience, was also performed.
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