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Introducing complementary feeding can be challenging for premature infants. Formula feeding is associated with increased food refusal, indicating potential feeding difficulties in this population.

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal nutrition
  • Pediatric gastroenterology
  • Infant feeding practices

Background:

  • Premature infants often face unique challenges during the introduction of complementary feeding.
  • Understanding feeding difficulties is crucial for optimizing growth and development in preterm infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and nature of difficulties encountered when introducing complementary feeding to premature infants.
  • To explore potential associations between feeding behaviors and feeding types in this population.

Main Methods:

  • An exploratory, cross-sectional study involving 38 premature infants (6-24 months corrected age).
  • Data collection included an objective question, a food behavior checklist, medical record review, and parent interviews.
  • Investigated clinical variables, sociodemographic aspects, and prior breastfeeding history.

Main Results:

  • While 50% of parents perceived no feeding difficulties, a checklist revealed that 73.7% of infants exhibited at least one mealtime defensive behavior.
  • The most common behaviors included mouth opening refusal (42.1%), food selectivity (28.9%), and feeding refusal (26.3%).
  • Food refusal was significantly associated with formula feeding (p = 0.033).

Conclusions:

  • A significant proportion of premature infants display defensive mealtime behaviors.
  • Formula feeding appears to be associated with increased food refusal in premature infants.
  • These findings highlight the need for targeted support for complementary feeding in preterm infants.