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Vascular complications in patients who underwent endovascular cardiac procedures: multicenter cohort study
Angelita Costanzi Paganin1,2, Mariur Gomes Beghetto2, Maria Karolina Feijó3
1Unimed, Laboratório de Hemodinâmica, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil.
Insights
Vascular complications after percutaneous cardiac procedures occurred in 8.8% of patients, primarily within six hours post-procedure. Implementing immediate preventive measures is crucial for patient safety in interventional cardiology.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Vascular Surgery
- Interventional Cardiology
Background:
- Endovascular cardiac procedures are increasingly common.
- Vascular complications are a known risk associated with these interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the incidence and types of vascular complications in patients undergoing percutaneous cardiac procedures.
- To identify the timing and risk factors for these complications.
Main Methods:
- A multicenter cohort study involving 2,696 adult patients.
- Data collected on vascular complications including hematoma, bleeding, pseudoaneurysm, and arteriovenous fistula.
- Follow-up period of 48 hours post-procedure.
Main Results:
- A total of 237 patients (8.8%) experienced vascular complications.
- The most common complications were minor hematoma (n=135) and stable bleeding (n=86).
- No cases of retroperitoneal hematoma, pseudoaneurysm, or arteriovenous fistula were reported. Most complications occurred within six hours.
Conclusions:
- Vascular complications after percutaneous cardiac procedures predominantly manifest within the first six hours.
- Healthcare providers should implement immediate preventive strategies post-procedure.
- Continuous monitoring and timely intervention are essential for managing complications.
Objective:
to analyze vascular complications among patients who underwent endovascular cardiac procedures in the hemodynamic laboratories of three referral centers.
Method:
a multicenter cohort study was conducted in three referral facilities. The sample was composed of 2,696 adult patients who had undergone elective or urgent percutaneous cardiac procedures. The outcomes were vascular complications, such as: hematoma at the site of the arterial puncture; major or minor bleeding; surgical correction for retroperitoneal hemorrhage; pseudoaneurysm; and arteriovenous fistula.
Results:
237 (8.8%) of the 2,696 patients presented a vascular complication at the site of the arterial puncture. The total number of vascular complications was 264: minor hematoma<10cm (n=135); stable bleeding (n=86); major hematoma ≥10cm (n=32); and unstable bleeding (n=11). There were no retroperitoneal hematoma events, pseudoaneurysm or arterial venous fistula. Most of the major and minor complications occurred in the first six hours after the procedure.
Conclusion:
the results concerning the current context of interventional cardiology indicate that the complications predominantly occur in the first six hours after the procedure, considering a 48-hour follow-up. The staff should plan and implement preventive measures immediately after the procedures.
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