Determinants of non-vaccination against seasonal influenza

In Canada, vaccine coverage for seasonal influenza remains below targets. Few studies have sought to determine the sociodemographic factors associated with non-vaccination using a Canada-wide survey. This study aims to identify the determinants of, and the reasons for, non-vaccination.

Data from the 2013/2014 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) were used. Respondents were divided into three groups: adults aged 18 to 64 years with a chronic medical condition (CMC), adults in the same age group with no CMC, and adults aged 65 years and older. Logistic regressions were used to measure the association between sociodemographic factors and non-vaccination.

Among adults aged 65 years and older, the proportion of non-vaccinated persons was 36.2%. This proportion was higher among adults aged 18 to 64 years with a CMC and those with no CMC (62.2% and 77.8%, respectively). Factors independently associated with non-vaccination in all groups included being young, having a lower level of education, and not having a family doctor. Among adults aged 65 years and older and 18 to 64 years with a CMC, excellent self-perceived health was also associated with non-vaccination. The belief that the vaccine is not necessary was the most common reason for non-vaccination.

Too few Canadians get the influenza vaccine. The main reasons for not getting vaccinated have more to do with personal decision than barriers to access. This illustrates the ongoing need to inform the public about the importance of the vaccine and the risks associated with influenza.