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Isolation, Characterization, and Purification of Macrophages from Tissues Affected by Obesity-related Inflammation
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Peripherally derived macrophages modulate microglial function to reduce inflammation after CNS injury.
Andrew D Greenhalgh1,2, Juan G Zarruk1, Luke M Healy3
1Centre for Research in Neuroscience, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Quebec, Canada.
Plos Biology
|October 18, 2018
Summary
Infiltrating macrophages suppress microglia activity at central nervous system injury sites. Blocking this communication worsens spinal cord injury recovery, suggesting macrophages regulate neuroinflammation.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) and resident microglia are key immune cells at central nervous system (CNS) injury sites.
- The distinct functions and interactions of these cell populations post-injury are not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the communication between infiltrating MDMs and resident microglia.
- To determine how this crosstalk influences microglial function and CNS injury outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Utilized in vitro co-culture systems to study cell-cell communication.
- Employed a mouse model of spinal cord injury (SCI) to assess functional recovery and cellular responses.
- Investigated microglial phagocytosis and inflammatory mediator release.
Main Results:
- MDMs and microglia directly communicate, modulating each other's functions.
- Infiltrating macrophages suppress microglia-mediated phagocytosis and inflammation.
- In SCI models, blocking MDM-microglia communication exacerbates microglial activation and impairs functional recovery.
Conclusions:
- Macrophages infiltrating the CNS act as a regulatory mechanism for microglia-mediated inflammation.
- This regulation influences both acute and long-term inflammatory responses in CNS conditions.
- Understanding this interaction is crucial for developing therapies for CNS injuries and diseases.
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