An Equilibrium Strategy-Based Routing Optimization Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

Area of Science:

• Computer Science
• Network Engineering
• Wireless Communication

Background:

• Energy efficiency is critical for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) to extend operational lifetime.
• Unbalanced energy consumption and node load significantly limit the long-term viability of WSNs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose a novel routing algorithm for WSNs that addresses energy saving and load balancing.
• To enhance the overall network lifetime and operational efficiency of energy-constrained WSNs.

Main Methods:

• A link cost metric is developed considering transmission energy, residual node energy, and path hops.
• A minimum routing graph is generated based on the calculated link costs.
• An "edge-cutting" strategy is employed to optimize the graph into a minimum routing tree for traffic and energy balance.

Main Results:

• The proposed algorithm effectively balances network load and prolongs network lifetime.
• The strategy meets essential performance requirements for delay and packet loss rate.

Conclusions:

• The novel routing algorithm provides a viable solution for energy-constrained WSNs.
• The approach successfully balances energy consumption and traffic load, leading to improved network longevity and performance.