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Urban rats have less variable, higher protein diets.

E Guiry1,2, M Buckley3

  • 1Department of Anthropology, Trent University, 1600 W Bank Drive, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada K9 J 0G2 eguiry@lakeheadu.ca.

Proceedings. Biological Sciences
|October 19, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Urban rats (Rattus norvegicus) consumed higher quality, more consistent diets than rural populations over a 100-year period. This research reveals insights into urban ecology and rodent management strategies.

Keywords:
Rattus norvegicusarchaeologycommensalismhistorical ecologystable isotopesurban ecology

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Area of Science:

  • Paleoecology
  • Urban Ecology
  • Archaeological Science

Background:

  • Rats (Rattus spp.) are successful global pests, yet their urban ecology is poorly understood.
  • Human settlements significantly influence commensal species, but historical dietary data is scarce.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) diets in urban vs. rural settings over a 100-year period (c. AD 1790-1890) in Toronto, Canada.
  • To understand the influence of human population density on rodent diets and habitat value.

Main Methods:

  • Stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotope analyses of archaeological rat remains.
  • Comparison of dietary data between urban and rural sites.

Main Results:

  • Urban rat diets were of higher quality, more homogeneous, and stable over time.
  • Rural rat diets exhibited wider dietary niche specializations, potentially competing with native species.

Conclusions:

  • Rat diets are linked to human population density, indicating settlement type influences rodent habitat value.
  • Historical and archaeological records offer valuable retrospective insights for urban animal management and conservation.