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Related Concept Videos

Diffusion01:12

Diffusion

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Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
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Diffusion is a type of passive transport. In passive transport, a substance tends to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the concentration is equal across the space. For example, take the diffusion of substances through the air. When someone opens a perfume bottle in a room filled with people, the perfume is at its highest concentration in the bottle and is at its lowest at the edges of the room. The perfume vapor will diffuse, or spread away, from the...
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Intramembranous ossification is one of the two processes involved in the development of bones within an embryo. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles are formed via this process. During intramembranous ossification, the bones develop directly from sheets of undifferentiated mesenchymal connective tissue.
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Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

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The plasma membrane, a critical structure in cellular biology, houses an array of transporters, or carrier proteins, interspersed within its lipid bilayer. These proteins play a crucial role in solute transport through facilitated diffusion, a form of passive diffusion that uses transporters to move the molecules across the membrane.
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Although gaseous molecules travel at tremendous speeds (hundreds of meters per second), they collide with other gaseous molecules and travel in many different directions before reaching the desired target. At room temperature, a gaseous molecule will experience billions of collisions per second. The mean free path is the average distance a molecule travels between collisions. The mean free path increases with decreasing pressure; in general, the mean free path for a gaseous molecule will be...
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Three Cases of Idiopathic Diffuse Pulmonary Ossification.

Ryuya Edahiro1, Hiroyuki Kurebe1, Saeko Nakatsubo1

  • 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Toneyama National Hospital, Japan.

Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan)
|October 19, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Idiopathic diffuse pulmonary ossification (DPO) is rare, with bone formation in the lungs. Surgical biopsy confirmed two cases, and one patient experienced pneumothorax post-procedure, highlighting a potential complication.

Keywords:
diffuse lung diseaseectopic bone formationpneumothoraxpulmonary ossification

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Pathology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Diffuse pulmonary ossification (DPO) is a rare lung disease characterized by abnormal bone formation.
  • Idiopathic DPO, without a known underlying cause, is exceptionally uncommon.
  • Diagnosis during life is infrequent, often requiring invasive procedures.

Observation:

  • This study details three cases of idiopathic DPO.
  • Two cases were confirmed through surgical lung biopsy.
  • One patient, with a history of recurrent pneumothorax, developed this complication post-biopsy.

Findings:

  • Surgical lung biopsy is a key diagnostic tool for idiopathic DPO.
  • Recurrent pneumothorax is a potential complication following biopsy in DPO patients.
  • The association between DPO and pneumothorax warrants further investigation.

Implications:

  • Highlights the diagnostic challenges of idiopathic DPO.
  • Underscores the risk of pneumothorax in patients undergoing biopsy for DPO.
  • Suggests the need for increased awareness and careful monitoring in similar cases.