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Rotavirus gastroenteritis hospitalization rates and correlation with rotavirus vaccination coverage in Sicily

Vincenzo Restivo1, Francesca Caracci, Claudia Emilia Sannasardo

  • 1University of Palermo - Department of Science for Health Promotion and Mother to Child Care. vincenzo.restivo@unipa.it.

Acta Bio-Medica : Atenei Parmensis
|October 19, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Universal rotavirus (RV) vaccination significantly reduced RV gastroenteritis (RVGE) hospitalizations in Sicilian children. The program achieved a 49.2% overall reduction, with greater impact in younger age groups, demonstrating vaccination

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Vaccinology
  • Public Health Surveillance

Background:

  • Rotavirus (RV) is a primary cause of gastroenteritis in children under five.
  • Vaccination is the key strategy for preventing RV-related hospitalizations.
  • Sicily implemented universal RV vaccination for newborns in 2013.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the reduction in rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) hospitalization rates in Sicilian children post-vaccination.
  • To correlate hospitalization rate changes with vaccination coverage across nine Local Health Units (LHUs).

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of hospital discharge records for RVGE diagnoses (2009-2017) in children aged 0-59 months.
  • Inclusion of data on complete RV vaccination cycles for children under 12 months (vaccination coverage).

Main Results:

  • A 49.2% overall reduction in RVGE hospitalization rates was observed post-vaccination introduction.
  • Significant reductions were noted across all age groups, particularly in infants (0-11 months) with a -61.4% decrease.
  • All nine Sicilian LHUs experienced a decline in RVGE hospitalizations.

Conclusions:

  • Rotavirus vaccination significantly impacted RVGE hospitalization rates in Sicily, especially for children aged 0-23 months.
  • Observed reductions in hospitalizations align with or exceed reported vaccination coverage rates (2013-2017).
  • The universal vaccination program proved effective in reducing pediatric gastroenteritis burden.

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