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Hyperemesis Gravidarum.

Kerstin Austin1, Kelley Wilson2, Sumona Saha1

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.

Nutrition in Clinical Practice : Official Publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
|October 19, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) and hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) are common pregnancy conditions with unclear causes. This review covers their epidemiology, causes, treatments, and effects on mothers and babies.

Keywords:
hyperemesis gravidarumnauseanutrition therapynutrtiional supportpregnancyvomiting

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Reproductive Endocrinology

Background:

  • Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) affects most pregnancies.
  • Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG), a severe form of NVP, impacts a smaller population.
  • The exact pathophysiology of NVP and HG remains largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology of NVP and HG.
  • To discuss proposed etiologic factors and current understanding of pathophysiology.
  • To outline diagnostic workup, treatment options, and maternal-fetal outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epidemiological data.
  • Synthesis of current research on hormonal influences and pathophysiology.
  • Summary of established and emerging treatment strategies.
  • Analysis of reported impacts on maternal and infant health.

Main Results:

  • NVP is highly prevalent, while HG is less common but more severe.
  • Hormonal factors are implicated, but a complete understanding is lacking.
  • Various treatments exist with variable efficacy.
  • Potential impacts on both mother and baby require careful consideration.

Conclusions:

  • Further research into NVP and HG pathophysiology is crucial.
  • Optimizing treatment strategies can improve maternal and infant outcomes.
  • Comprehensive management requires understanding epidemiology, etiology, and impact.