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Related Concept Videos

What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

196.7K
Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
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What is Gene Expression?01:36

What is Gene Expression?

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A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then...
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Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

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Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
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Cell Specific Gene Expression

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Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression02:35

Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression

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Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences  access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area. 
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mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

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The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
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Using an Automated Cell Counter to Simplify Gene Expression Studies: siRNA Knockdown of IL-4 Dependent Gene Expression in Namalwa Cells
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The mouse Gene Expression Database (GXD): 2019 update.

Constance M Smith1, Terry F Hayamizu1, Jacqueline H Finger1

  • 1The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA.

Nucleic Acids Research
|October 19, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The mouse Gene Expression Database (GXD) offers enhanced tools for exploring gene expression patterns across all mouse developmental stages. New features improve searches for specific gene expression and aid in understanding gene function in development and disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • The mouse Gene Expression Database (GXD) is a vital resource for understanding gene function in mice.
  • It integrates diverse experimental data, including RNA in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry.
  • GXD is part of the larger Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI) system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report on recent enhancements to the GXD database and its web features.
  • To improve user access to gene expression data and its integration with other biological information.
  • To facilitate research into the molecular mechanisms of development and disease.

Main Methods:

  • Addition of new experimental data covering all developmental stages.
  • Implementation of improved web features for data retrieval and analysis.
  • Integration of GXD data with MGI and other external databases.

Main Results:

  • Enhanced Differential Gene Expression Data Search for exclusive expression patterns.
  • An improved anatomy browser linking expression and phenotype data.
  • New comparison matrix for juxtaposing normal expression with mutant phenotypes.

Conclusions:

  • GXD enhancements significantly improve insights into gene function during development and disease.
  • The updated GXD facilitates deeper understanding of genotype-phenotype relationships.
  • GXD remains a critical, evolving resource for the research community.