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Bulk Modulus01:21

Bulk Modulus

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The bulk modulus is a scientific term used to describe a material's resistance to uniform compression. It is the proportionality constant that links a change in pressure to the resulting relative volume change.
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Bulk density refers to the mass of aggregate particles that would fill a unit volume. The concept of bulk density originates from the inability to pack aggregate particles in a manner that completely eliminates void spaces. Hence, the term bulk refers to the volume that encompasses both the aggregates and the voids. This measurement is crucial when aggregates are batched by volume and is used to convert quantities by mass to volume.
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Surface Properties of Synthesized Nanoporous Carbon and Silica Matrices
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Zwitterionic Polyurethanes with Tunable Surface and Bulk Properties.

Huifeng Wang1, Yang Hu1, Dylan Lynch1

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60607 , United States.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|October 19, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new zwitterionic poly(carboxybetaine urethane) (PCBHU) was developed to improve polyurethane (PU) blood compatibility. This novel material exhibits excellent antifouling properties and tunable mechanical characteristics for advanced biomedical uses.

Keywords:
antifouling surfacecarboxybetainedual functionelastomerpolyurethanezwitterionic

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Polyurethanes (PUs) often lack sufficient blood compatibility and antifouling properties for biomedical applications.
  • Existing PUs can be limited by issues like calcification and poor surface performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel zwitterionic poly(carboxybetaine urethane) (PCBHU) platform.
  • To enhance antifouling properties and achieve tunable mechanical characteristics in PUs.
  • To provide a potential replacement for current PUs in demanding biomedical applications.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of PCBHU via condensation polymerization of diisocyanate with carboxybetaine (CB)-based triols.
  • Postpolymerization hydrolysis to generate zwitterionic CB functional groups at the interface.
  • Characterization using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).

Main Results:

  • PCBHU demonstrated high thermal stability with degradation temperatures up to 305 °C.
  • Zwitterionic CB groups provided superior antifouling properties due to enhanced hydration.
  • Mechanical properties and water uptake were tunable by adjusting CB-based triol cross-linkers.

Conclusions:

  • PCBHU offers a promising strategy for incorporating zwitterionic functionalities into PUs.
  • The material exhibits superior antifouling properties compared to existing PUs.
  • PCBHU shows potential for challenging biomedical applications due to its balanced properties and cost-effectiveness.