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Immune Function and Micronutrient Requirements Change over the Life Course.

Silvia Maggini1, Adeline Pierre2, Philip C Calder3,4

  • 1Bayer Consumer Care AG, 4002 Basel, Switzerland. silvia.maggini@bayer.com.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Maintaining immune competence throughout life requires adequate nutrition. Deficiencies in key micronutrients increase infection risk, but supplementation can enhance immunity and recovery.

Keywords:
adultsage-related immunitydeficiencyelderlyimmunosenescenceinfantsinfectionmicronutrientsolder people

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology and Nutritional Science
  • Life Course Health Research

Background:

  • Immune competence naturally changes across the human lifespan, influencing infection susceptibility.
  • Nutrition plays a critical role in immune system development, maturation, and decline.
  • A complex interplay exists between nutrition, immunity, and infection risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review immune system considerations across different life stages.
  • To examine infection risks associated with age-related immune changes.
  • To explore micronutrient requirements, deficiencies, and supplementation's impact on immunity and infection.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing evidence on life-stage-specific immunity.
  • Analysis of the relationship between nutrition, micronutrient status, and infection.
  • Evaluation of studies on micronutrient supplementation and immune function.

Main Results:

  • Specific micronutrients (Vitamins A, C, D, E, B2, B6, B12, folic acid, iron, selenium, zinc) are vital for immunocompetence.
  • Micronutrient deficiencies are a global health concern, increasing infection predisposition.
  • Restoring deficient micronutrients can improve immune function and infection outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Nutritional status significantly impacts immune competence and infection risk throughout life.
  • Tailored micronutrient supplementation may be necessary beyond dietary intake.
  • Addressing micronutrient deficiencies is crucial for enhancing resistance to infection and promoting recovery.