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Brain-Gut Axis: Clinical Implications

Julie Khlevner1, Yeji Park1, Kara Gross Margolis1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 630 West 168th Street, PH 17, New York, NY 10032, USA.

Gastroenterology Clinics of North America
|October 20, 2018
PubMed

Insights

This review explores the brain-gut axis in health and disease. It details how this axis impacts pediatric irritable bowel syndrome, a common functional gastrointestinal disorder.

Area of Science:

  • Neurogastroenterology
  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • The brain-gut axis is a bidirectional communication system linking the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract.
  • Dysregulation of this axis is implicated in various functional gastrointestinal disorders.
  • Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of current knowledge on brain-gut axis physiology.
  • To elucidate the role of the brain-gut axis in the pathophysiology of pediatric IBS.
  • To synthesize existing research on brain-gut interactions in health and disease.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on brain-gut axis.
  • Analysis of physiological mechanisms involved in brain-gut communication.
  • Synthesis of data pertaining to IBS in pediatric populations.

Main Results:

  • The brain-gut axis involves complex neural, endocrine, and immune pathways.
  • Altered brain-gut signaling contributes significantly to IBS symptoms in children.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing effective therapeutic strategies.

Conclusions:

  • The brain-gut axis is a critical factor in understanding and managing pediatric IBS.
  • Further research into the neurobiological underpinnings of pediatric IBS is warranted.
  • Targeting the brain-gut axis offers potential for novel IBS treatments in children.

Keywords:
Brain–gut axisBrain–gut–microbiome axisEnteric nervous systemIrritable bowel syndromeSerotonin

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