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Prevalence and correlates of never vaccinated Nigerian children, aged 1-5 years

Onyema Greg Chido-Amajuoyi1, Chizoba Wonodi2, Dale Mantey3

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1340, PO Box 301439, Houston, TX 77230-1439, USA.

Vaccine
|October 20, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Twenty-one percent of Nigerian children aged 1-5 years are unvaccinated. Poverty, maternal unemployment, and Northern region residence are key factors associated with this lack of childhood vaccination.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Pediatrics
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Nigeria faces challenges with childhood immunization coverage and high child mortality rates.
  • A significant population of Nigerian children, aged 1-5 years, remain unvaccinated.
  • The characteristics of this unvaccinated population have not been previously well-defined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of never-vaccination among Nigerian children.
  • To identify the socio-demographic correlates of never-vaccination in this population.
  • To explore region-specific predictors of never-vaccination in Northern Nigeria.

Main Methods:

  • Secondary analysis of the 2013 Nigeria Demographic Health Survey data.
  • Inclusion of Nigerian children aged 12-59 months (n=20,586).
  • Weighted multivariate logistic regressions, stratified by Northern and Southern regions, to examine associations between socio-demographic factors and never-vaccination.

Main Results:

  • Approximately 21% of the study sample had never received any vaccines.
  • Over 80% of never-vaccinated children resided in Northern Nigeria.
  • Never-vaccination was significantly associated with poverty, maternal unemployment, and lack of maternal education. In Northern Nigeria, Islam and limited media access increased odds, while higher maternal age and rural residence decreased odds.

Conclusions:

  • Socio-demographic factors are significant predictors of childhood never-vaccination in Nigeria.
  • Further research is required to understand the contextual factors contributing to never-vaccination.
  • Investigating the mechanisms of region-specific predictors is crucial for targeted interventions.
Abstract

Keywords:
Child healthImmunizationNigeriaNon-vaccinationSociodemographicVaccineVaccine preventable diseases

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