Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Fluorescence-based Neuraminidase Inhibition Assay to Assess the Susceptibility of Influenza Viruses to The Neuraminidase Inhibitor Class of Antivirals
09:31

Fluorescence-based Neuraminidase Inhibition Assay to Assess the Susceptibility of Influenza Viruses to The Neuraminidase Inhibitor Class of Antivirals

Published on: April 15, 2017

19.0K

DNA-PK inhibition synergizes with oncolytic virus M1 by inhibiting antiviral response and potentiating DNA damage

Xiao Xiao1,2, Jiankai Liang2, Chunlong Huang3

  • 1Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.

Nature Communications
|October 20, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Combining DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) inhibitors with oncolytic virus M1 enhances cancer cell killing. This strategy overcomes resistance to oncolytic virotherapy by boosting viral replication and tumor cell apoptosis.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Virology
  • Cancer Therapeutics

Background:

  • Oncolytic virotherapy utilizes replication-competent viruses to selectively target and destroy cancer cells.
  • Therapeutic efficacy of oncolytic viruses (OVs) can be variable, necessitating combination strategies to overcome resistance.
  • The antiviral response, including interferon transcription, can limit OV effectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify strategies to overcome resistance to oncolytic virotherapy.
  • To evaluate the combination of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) inhibition with oncolytic virus M1 (OV M1) for cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Anticancer drug screening was performed to identify sensitizing agents for OV M1.
  • DNA-dependent protein kinase inhibitor (DNA-PKI) was tested in combination with OV M1.
  • Therapeutic effects were assessed in refractory cancer models in vivo and in patient tumor samples.

Main Results:

  • DNA-PK inhibition sensitized cancer cells to OV M1, improving therapeutic outcomes.
  • DNA-PK inhibition abolished the M1 virus-induced interferon response, enhancing viral replication in malignancies.
  • DNA-PK inhibition promoted virus-induced DNA damage response, increasing tumor cell apoptosis.

Conclusions:

  • DNA-PK inhibition is a viable strategy to enhance the efficacy of oncolytic virotherapy.
  • The combination of DNA-PKI and OV M1 demonstrates potential as a novel cancer treatment.
  • Targeting DNA-PK can overcome resistance mechanisms associated with oncolytic virus therapy.

More Related Videos

Laser Microirradiation to Study In Vivo Cellular Responses to Simple and Complex DNA Damage10:44

Laser Microirradiation to Study In Vivo Cellular Responses to Simple and Complex DNA Damage

Published on: January 31, 2018

10.8K
Two- and Three-Dimensional Live Cell Imaging of DNA Damage Response Proteins10:24

Two- and Three-Dimensional Live Cell Imaging of DNA Damage Response Proteins

Published on: September 28, 2012

14.6K

Related Concept Videos

Feedback Inhibition00:46

Feedback Inhibition

Biochemical reactions are occurring constantly in cells, converting starting substances to different products, usually with the help of enzymes that speed the reactions. Without enzymes, it would take far too long for most reactions to occur to be useful to the cell!
57.1K
DNA Topoisomerases02:02

DNA Topoisomerases

Topoisomerases are enzymes that relax overwound DNA molecules during various cell processes, including DNA replication and transcription. These enzymes regulate positive and negative DNA supercoiling without changing the nucleotide sequence. DNA overwinding in a clockwise direction results in positively supercoiled DNA, whereas underwinding in a counterclockwise direction produces negatively supercoiled DNA.
Types and Mechanism of action
Topoisomerases are divided into two main types. ...
35.5K
The DNA Replication Fork01:02

The DNA Replication Fork

An organism’s genome needs to be duplicated in an efficient and error-free manner for its growth and survival. The replication fork is a Y-shaped active region where two strands of DNA are separated and replicated continuously. The coupling of DNA unzipping and complementary strand synthesis is a characteristic feature of a replication fork.   Organisms with small circular DNA, such as E. coli, often have a single origin of replication; therefore, they have only two replication...
41.0K
Enzyme Inhibition01:30

Enzyme Inhibition

Inhibitors are molecules that reduce enzyme activity by binding to the enzyme. In a normally functioning cell, enzymes are regulated by a variety of inhibitors. Drugs and other toxins can also inhibit enzymes. Some inhibitors bind to the enzyme’s active site, while others inhibit enzymatic activity by binding to other sites on the protein structure.
92.4K
DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
3.2K
DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
10.1K