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Meta-analysis identifies mitochondrial DNA sequence variants associated with walking speed.

Todd M Manini1, Thomas W Buford2, John A Kairalla3

  • 1Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, 2004 Mowry Rd., Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA. tmanini@ufl.edu.

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|October 20, 2018
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Summary

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants are linked to differences in walking speed in older adults. Specific mtDNA variants may help identify individuals at risk for mobility impairments.

Keywords:
AgingDisabilityEnergyGait speedMobility

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Aging Research
  • Mitochondrial Genomics
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Declines in walking speed are linked to poor health outcomes like disability and mortality.
  • Genetic factors influence walking speed, but few specific genetic markers have been identified.
  • Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) plays a crucial role in cellular energy production and is implicated in aging processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between mitochondrial genomic variation and walking speed in older adults.
  • To identify specific mtDNA variants that contribute to variability in walking performance.
  • To explore the potential of mtDNA variants as biomarkers for mobility impairments.

Main Methods:

  • Sequencing of the entire mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in participants.
  • Meta-analysis of data from the Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders (LIFE) Study and the Health, Aging, and Body Composition (HABC) Study.
  • Statistical analysis of associations between mtDNA variants and walking speed, adjusting for multiple comparisons.

Main Results:

  • The mtDNA variant m.12705C>T (ND5) was significantly associated with walking speed at both short and long distances (p < 0.0001).
  • Variants m.5460.G>A (ND2) and m.309C>CT (HV2) also showed significant associations with short- and long-distance walking speed, respectively.
  • Significant effects were observed across OXPHOS complexes I and III, related to stopping during the long-distance walk test.

Conclusions:

  • Mitochondrial DNA-encoded variants are associated with differences in walking speed among older adults.
  • These findings suggest that mtDNA variation may contribute to mobility impairments in aging populations.
  • Specific mtDNA variants could serve as potential indicators for identifying individuals at risk of reduced walking speed and mobility decline.