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Implications of CaCl2 application to plants in LID facilities
H S Choi1, J S Hong1, F K F Geronimo1
1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kongju National University, 275 Budae-dong, Cheonan, Chungnamdo, 31080, South Korea
Summary
Calcium chloride (CaCl2) de-icers harm plants in low impact development (LID) systems, increasing mortality and reducing pollutant removal. Plant selection is crucial for effective stormwater management in winter conditions.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Engineering
- Horticulture
- Urban Hydrology
Background:
- Low Impact Development (LID) systems utilize natural processes for stormwater management.
- Plants in LID facilities play a vital role in pollutant uptake and water cycling.
- Winter de-icers like calcium chloride (CaCl2) negatively impact plant health and soil conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of CaCl2 on plant resistance and pollutant removal in LID systems.
- To assess the impact of CaCl2 on soil properties and microbial activity.
- To provide data for selecting appropriate plant species for LID facilities exposed to de-icers.
Main Methods:
- Experimentally exposing various tree, shrub, and herbaceous plant species to different concentrations of CaCl2.
- Monitoring plant mortality rates and chlorophyll content.
- Evaluating the influence of CaCl2 on non-point source pollutant removal and water circulation.
Main Results:
- Significant plant mortality observed, with varying susceptibility across species (e.g., Rhododendron indicum, Pratia pedunculata highly sensitive).
- Chlorophyll content decreased significantly with increasing CaCl2 concentrations.
- CaCl2 alters soil structure and content, affecting plant and microbial growth.
Conclusions:
- CaCl2 poses a considerable threat to plant survival and function in LID systems.
- Species-specific tolerance to CaCl2 is a critical factor for successful plant selection in de-icer-treated areas.
- Findings support informed plant choices to maintain LID performance during winter de-icing operations.
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