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Vaccinations

Vaccinations

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
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System of Memory

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Memory is categorized into three major systems: sensory memory, short-term memory (STM), and long-term memory (LTM). These systems differ in their capacity and the duration for which they can hold information. Sensory memory captures raw sensory input from the environment, holding it for just a few seconds or less. For example, on hearing a brief, loud sound, like a car horn honking, the sound seems to linger in the mind for a moment even after it stops. This is an instance of sensory memory...

Working Memory

Working Memory

Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...

Long-Term Memory

Long-Term Memory

Long-term memory is a relatively permanent type of memory, capable of storing vast amounts of information over extended periods. Its storage capacity is generally considered unlimited.
Long-term memory can be categorized into two primary types: explicit and implicit memory. Explicit memory, also known as declarative memory, involves the conscious recollection of information that we deliberately try to remember, recall, and articulate. This type of memory encompasses specific facts, events, and...

Traumatic Memory

Traumatic Memory

Emotionally traumatic events often lead to memories that are exceptionally vivid and enduring, sometimes persisting with remarkable clarity throughout an individual's life. A classic example of this phenomenon is a person who survives a car accident. Even years later, they may recall every detail of the event with startling accuracy — the screeching of the tires, the jarring impact, and the acrid smell of burning rubber. Such vividness contrasts sharply with how an individual...

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Detection of Polyfunctional T Cells in Children Vaccinated with Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine via the Flow Cytometry Technique

Detection of Polyfunctional T Cells in Children Vaccinated with Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine via the Flow Cytometry Technique

Published on: September 23, 2022

Memory T Cells in Flavivirus Vaccination.

Guangyu Li¹, Cody Teleki², Tian Wang^3,4,5,6

¹Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA. guli@UTMB.EDU.

|October 21, 2018

Summary

Memory T cells are crucial for protection against flaviviruses like Dengue virus (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV). This review explores their role in immunity after vaccination with existing flavivirus vaccines.

Keywords:

flavivirus memory T cells vaccine

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Area of Science:

Virology
Immunology
Vaccinology

Background:

Flaviviruses, including Dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV), and others, pose significant global health threats.
Licensed vaccines exist for some flaviviruses (DENV, JEV, TBEV, YFV), but not for West Nile virus (WNV) or ZIKV.
Memory T cells are vital for adaptive immunity and host defense during flavivirus infections.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current knowledge on the role of memory T cells in flavivirus infections.
To analyze findings from animal models and clinical trials concerning flavivirus vaccines.
To provide insights into T cell-mediated protective immunity induced by licensed flavivirus vaccines.

Main Methods:

Literature review of recent studies.
Analysis of data from animal models of flavivirus infection.
Examination of clinical trial results for flavivirus vaccines.

Main Results:

Memory T cells are essential for effective host protection against various flaviviruses.
Existing flavivirus vaccines induce T cell memory responses.
Understanding T cell immunity is key to improving current and developing new flavivirus vaccines.

Conclusions:

Memory T cell responses are critical for long-term immunity following flavivirus vaccination.
Further research into T cell epitopes and functions can guide the development of next-generation flavivirus vaccines.
Targeting T cell immunity may enhance protection against flaviviruses lacking licensed vaccines.