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Related Concept Videos

Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

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Overview
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Cancer02:18

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Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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Skin Cancer01:30

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

A Microphysiological System to Study Leukocyte-Endothelial Cell Interaction during Inflammation
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A Microphysiological System to Study Leukocyte-Endothelial Cell Interaction during Inflammation

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Inflammation and cancer.

Mariko Murata1

  • 1Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan. mmurata@doc.medic.mie-u.ac.jp.

Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine
|October 21, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Inflammation causes 25% of cancers by damaging DNA and biomacromolecules, leading to mutations. Epigenetic changes and biomarkers like miR-497 offer new avenues for early cancer detection and prevention.

Keywords:
CancerDNA damageDNA methylationInflammationLiquid biopsyMicroRNAReactive oxygen/nitrogen species

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Infection and inflammation are significant contributors to cancer development, accounting for approximately 25% of all cancer cases.
  • Inflammation-induced cancers are characterized by specific DNA lesions, including 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) and 8-nitroguanine.
  • This damage extends to other biomacromolecules, potentially creating a cycle of oxidative stress that promotes tumorigenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of inflammation-associated DNA and biomacromolecular damage in cancer development.
  • To explore the significance of epigenetic alterations, such as DNA methylation and microRNA dysregulation, in inflammation-related cancers.
  • To identify potential biomarkers for early cancer detection and prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of DNA lesions (8-oxodG, 8-nitroguanine) in various infection- and inflammation-associated cancers.
  • Identification of oxidatively damaged proteins using 2D Oxyblot and MALDI-TOF/TOF.
  • Examination of epigenetic alterations, including DNA methylation (using next-generation sequencing and restriction enzyme-based real-time PCR) and microRNA profiling (using microarrays and quantitative RT-PCR) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated formation of 8-oxodG and 8-nitroguanine in diverse cancer types linked to infections (e.g., Opisthorchis viverrini, Helicobacter pylori, HPV, EBV) and inflammatory factors.
  • Identified oxidatively damaged proteins, such as transferrin, contributing to reactive oxygen species generation and increased oxidative stress.
  • Revealed differential methylation of tumor suppressor genes like RERG and downregulation of miR-497 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, with plasma miR-497 showing potential as a diagnostic biomarker.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic inflammation drives genetic and epigenetic changes crucial for carcinogenesis.
  • Biomolecular damage and epigenetic aberrations represent key mechanisms in inflammation-related cancers.
  • Identified biomarkers, including plasma miR-497, hold promise for early detection and prevention strategies in oncology.