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EEG endophenotypes in autism spectrum disorder.

Jamie K Capal1, Christopher Carosella2, Elora Corbin3

  • 1Department of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America.

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|October 21, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with abnormal EEG results or epilepsy is linked to poorer developmental and adaptive functioning. This highlights the need for further research into this subgroup of children with ASD.

Keywords:
Autism spectrum disorderBehaviorCognitionEEGEpilepsyLanguage

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Child Neurology

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is frequently associated with epilepsy.
  • Abnormal electroencephalography (EEG) findings are observed in individuals with ASD, even without a history of seizures.
  • The relationship between EEG abnormalities and core ASD features requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between epilepsy and/or abnormal EEG results and impairments in young children with ASD.
  • To determine how EEG abnormalities correlate with developmental, adaptive, and behavioral outcomes in children with ASD.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of medical records from Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center for 443 children with ASD.
  • Patients were categorized into three groups: ASD with epilepsy, ASD without epilepsy but with abnormal EEG, and ASD without epilepsy and normal EEG.
  • Developmental, adaptive, behavioral, and language assessments were collected, alongside EEG data, medical history, and comorbidities.

Main Results:

  • 15.8% of children with ASD had epilepsy; 25.5% of those without epilepsy had abnormal EEG results (predominantly epileptiform and focal).
  • Children with abnormal EEG results showed more impaired adaptive functioning compared to those with normal EEG (p < 0.05).
  • Children with epilepsy had significantly lower developmental and adaptive functioning scores than those with normal EEG (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • Abnormal EEG results or epilepsy in children with ASD are associated with worse developmental and adaptive outcomes.
  • Further research is needed to understand these associations and inform treatment strategies for children with ASD and abnormal EEG findings but no epilepsy.