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Association between the full range of birth weight and childhood weight status: by gestational age

Li Cai1, Jun Tao2, Xiuhong Li1

  • 1Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
|October 21, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Low birth weight increases childhood underweight risk, while high birth weight is linked to overweight and obesity. These associations were observed across various birth weights and gestational ages in children aged 6-18 years.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Public Health Nutrition
  • Developmental Pediatrics

Background:

  • The link between high birth weight and childhood obesity is established.
  • Few studies have explored birth weight's full spectrum and gestational age impact on childhood weight status.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between the complete range of birth weight and childhood weight status.
  • To stratify these relationships by gestational age groups.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from a national survey of 65,347 children aged 6-18 years in China (2013).
  • Employed objective measurements for child weight and height.
  • Applied multivariable regression models to analyze associations between birth weight and childhood weight status.

Main Results:

  • Low birth weight was associated with increased childhood underweight (OR 1.60).
  • High birth weight correlated with increased overweight (OR 1.19) and obesity (OR 1.51), and decreased underweight (OR 0.57).
  • These trends were significant in term and post-term infants, but not preterm, with associations weakening with age.

Conclusions:

  • Low birth weight elevates the risk of childhood underweight, without impacting overweight or obesity.
  • High birth weight increases the likelihood of childhood overweight and obesity while reducing underweight.
  • Similar patterns were noted in term infants, highlighting the influence of birth weight on long-term weight status.
Abstract

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