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Microbiome and diabetes: Where are we now?
Natalia G Vallianou1, Theodora Stratigou1, Stylianos Tsagarakis1
1Evangelismos General Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Athens, Greece.
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
|October 21, 2018
Summary
Gut microbiota alterations (dysbiosis) impact metabolic health, potentially causing obesity and diabetes. This review explores microbiome-based therapies for type 2 diabetes.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Metabolic Disorders
- Gut Microbiome Research
Background:
- Gut microbiota dysbiosis is linked to metabolic disorders like obesity and diabetes.
- Dysbiosis can increase lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels, promoting inflammation.
- Advanced techniques like metagenomics have improved gut microbiome understanding.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the relationship between gut microbiota and metabolic disorders.
- To discuss potential therapeutic strategies for type 2 diabetes targeting the gut microbiome.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on gut microbiome and metabolic health.
- Analysis of findings from metagenomics, metabolomics, and other relevant studies.
- Discussion of therapeutic interventions including prebiotics, probiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation.
Main Results:
- Gut microbiota composition influences metabolic activities and body weight.
- Specific microbial metabolites (butyrate, propionate, acetate) show potential in managing obesity and food intake.
- Dysbiosis-associated LPS contributes to inflammatory pathways relevant to metabolic disease.
Conclusions:
- The gut microbiome plays a critical role in metabolic health and disease.
- Targeting the gut microbiome offers promising therapeutic avenues for type 2 diabetes.
- Further research into microbiome-based interventions is warranted.
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