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Technical note: Developing a heat stress model in dairy cows using an electric heat blanket
M Al-Qaisi1, E A Horst1, S K Kvidera1
1Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames 50011.
Journal of Dairy Science
|October 23, 2018
Summary
An electric heat blanket (EHB) effectively simulates heat stress (HS) in dairy cows, causing physiological changes and reducing dry matter intake and milk yield. This inexpensive tool offers a viable alternative for HS research.
Area of Science:
- Animal Science
- Physiology
- Agricultural Engineering
Background:
- Heat stress (HS) negatively impacts livestock production, but studying its effects requires costly controlled environments.
- Researchers need accessible methods to investigate HS consequences in dairy animals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate an electric heat blanket (EHB) as an affordable alternative for inducing heat stress in lactating dairy cows.
- To determine if EHB-induced hyperthermia mimics the production effects of natural heat stress.
Main Methods:
- Lactating Holstein cows (n=8) were subjected to two periods: thermoneutral conditions (P1) and EHB application (P2).
- Physiological parameters (rectal temperature, respiration rate) and production metrics (DMI, milk yield, milk composition) were recorded throughout the experiment.
Main Results:
- EHB application significantly increased rectal temperature and respiration rate compared to baseline.
- Dry matter intake and milk yield decreased by 25% and 21%, respectively, during EHB use.
- Milk protein showed a tendency to decrease, while milk urea nitrogen increased significantly.
Conclusions:
- The electric heat blanket serves as an effective and economical research tool for studying heat stress in dairy cows.
- EHB-induced hyperthermia replicates key physiological and production responses observed during natural heat stress.
- This method provides a practical solution for researchers lacking access to specialized climate-controlled facilities.
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