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Induction and characterization of swine beta interferon.
Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
|January 1, 1987
Summary
Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) and Poly I:C were used to induce interferon (IFN) in pig kidney cells, revealing a functional system similar to human and bovine counterparts. Pig cell interferon showed effectiveness against Swine Vesicular Disease Virus (SVDV).
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Interferon (IFN) is crucial for antiviral defense.
- Understanding swine IFN systems is vital for disease control.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the interferon-inducing capacity of Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) and Polyinosinic-Polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C) in secondary pig kidney cells.
- To assess the antiviral activity of swine beta interferon (IFN) against specific porcine viruses.
Main Methods:
- Interferon induction using NDV strain "H" and Poly I:C in secondary pig kidney cells.
- Characterization of the induced interferon system.
- Antiviral assays of swine beta IFN against Swine Vesicular Disease Virus (SVDV), porcine Rotavirus, and Aujeszky's disease virus (BUK strain).
Main Results:
- A functional interferon system was detected and characterized in pig kidney cells, showing similarities to human and bovine systems in synthesis kinetics.
- A glycosylated protein essential for IFN activity in bovine cells was not required in swine cells.
- Poly I:C was a weak inducer of IFN in these cells.
- Swine beta IFN was highly effective against SVDV, intermediate against Aujeszky's disease virus, and inactive against porcine Rotavirus.
Conclusions:
- Swine kidney cells possess a functional interferon system with unique characteristics compared to bovine cells.
- Swine beta interferon demonstrates specific antiviral efficacy against certain porcine pathogens, notably SVDV.
- The findings provide insights into swine antiviral immunity and potential therapeutic applications of interferon.