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Selective Usage of Isozymes for Stress Response
Yugang Zhang1, Zhewang Lin1, Miao Wang1
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 , United States.
ACS Chemical Biology
|October 23, 2018
Summary
Rapamycin treatment upregulates minor isozymes, like enolase (ENO1) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ALD4), in yeast. These specific isozymes are crucial for yeast survival in challenging environments.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Yeast Genetics
Background:
- Isozymes are crucial for cellular metabolism, with major and minor isoforms exhibiting differential expression.
- Understanding isozyme regulation by signaling pathways like rapamycin is key to cellular adaptation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the differential regulation of isozymes by rapamycin in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
- To elucidate the metabolic roles of rapamycin-upregulated isozymes under varying growth conditions.
Main Methods:
- Proteomic analysis to identify rapamycin-regulated yeast proteins.
- Enzymological and biochemical assays to characterize isozyme function.
- Gene deletion studies to assess the physiological importance of specific isozymes.
Main Results:
- Rapamycin treatment downregulates major isozymes while upregulating minor isozymes.
- Upregulated enolase isozyme (ENO1) favors gluconeogenesis.
- Upregulated alcohol dehydrogenase isozyme (ALD4) promotes NAD+ to NADH reduction.
- ENO1 and ALD4 are essential for yeast survival under suboptimal growth conditions.
Conclusions:
- Cells utilize distinct isozymes to meet specific metabolic demands under different conditions.
- Nature employs isozyme switching as a regulatory mechanism for metabolic adaptation and survival.
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