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Immunohistochemistry of Janus Kinase 1 (JAK1) Expression in Vitiligo
Asmaa Gaber Abdou1, Alaa Maraee2, Hossam Yassien2
1Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebein Elkom, Egypt.
Background:
Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune disease in which the destruction of melanocytes causes white spots on the affected skin. Janus kinase (JAK) is a family of intracellular, non-receptor tyrosine kinases that transduce cytokine-mediated signals via the JAK-signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway. The aim of the present study is to explore the possible role of JAK1 in the pathogenesis of vitiligo using immunohistochemical methods.
Methods:
The current study was conducted in a sample of 39 patients who presented with vitiligo and 22 healthy individuals who were age and sex matched as a control group. We used immunohistochemistry to evaluate JAK1 status (intensity and distribution) and assess the percentage of residual melanocytes using human melanoma black 45 (HMB45).
Results:
Intense and diffuse JAK1 expression was significantly more likely to indicate vitiliginous skin compared to normal skin (p < .001). Strong and diffuse JAK1 expression was associated with short disease duration, female sex, and lower percentage of melanocytes (detected by HMB45) (p < .05).
Conclusions:
JAK1 may be involved in the pathogenesis of vitiligo, as indicated by intense and diffuse expression compared to control and association with lower percentage of melanocytes detected by HMB45 immunostaining.
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