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Early cortical circuits generate long-range correlated activity through local connections, guiding the development of functional networks. This spontaneous activity predicts mature visual cortex organization before extensive horizontal connections form.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Systems Neuroscience

Background:

  • The organization and development of long-range network interactions in the neocortex are not well understood.
  • Understanding how functional networks form is crucial for neuroscience research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the origins and role of spontaneous activity patterns in neocortical development.
  • To determine if local cortical circuits can generate long-range correlated activity.
  • To understand how these correlations influence the formation of functional networks.

Main Methods:

  • In vivo widefield and two-photon calcium imaging of spontaneous activity in ferret visual cortex.
  • Longitudinal imaging during cortical development.
  • Retinal and thalamic blockade to silence feedforward drive.
  • Circuit modeling of local network interactions.

Main Results:

  • Widespread modular correlation patterns in spontaneous activity predict the local structure of orientation columns.
  • Long-range correlations are present early in development, preceding horizontal connections, and predict mature network structure.
  • Early long-range correlated activity persists even when feedforward input is blocked, suggesting a cortical origin.
  • Circuit models with local connections can generate long-range correlations via multisynaptic interactions within a low-dimensional subspace.

Conclusions:

  • Local connections in early cortical circuits are sufficient to generate structured long-range network correlations.
  • These spontaneous correlations play a role in guiding the formation of visually evoked functional networks.
  • The findings provide insights into the developmental principles of neocortical network organization.