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Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Fabrication of White Light-emitting Electrochemical Cells with Stable Emission from Exciplexes
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Single Chromophore-Based White-Light-Emitting Hydrogel with Tunable Fluorescence and Patternability.

Chao Nan Zhu, Tianwen Bai, Hu Wang

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    Scientists created a novel white fluorescent hydrogel inspired by jellyfish bioluminescence. This tunable material allows for patterned displays, offering enhanced information security through protected messages.

    Keywords:
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    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Polymer Chemistry
    • Biophysics

    Background:

    • Bioluminescence in nature, like jellyfish, inspires advanced material design.
    • Developing tunable, white-light-emitting polymer hydrogels with localized control is challenging.
    • Existing fluorescent materials often lack dynamic color-tuning capabilities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To engineer a white fluorescent hydrogel with tunable properties.
    • To achieve localized control over fluorescent behavior within the hydrogel.
    • To explore applications in secure information display.

    Main Methods:

    • One-pot micellar copolymerization of acrylamide and a donor-acceptor chromophore monomer.
    • Utilizing phototreatment or heat treatment to induce chromophore unimer-to-dimer transformation.
    • Employing terpyridine-Cu2+ chelate complex formation for reversible fluorescence switching.

    Main Results:

    • A white fluorescent hydrogel was successfully prepared via micellar copolymerization.
    • Tunable fluorescence (blue to white to yellow) was achieved through controlled chromophore transformations.
    • Reversible fluorescence switching was demonstrated using metal-ion chelation, enabling patterned displays.
    • The hydrogel exhibits transparency in daylight and patterned fluorescence under UV light.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed hydrogel offers a novel platform for tunable white-light emission.
    • The material's responsiveness to external stimuli (light, heat, ions) allows for dynamic control.
    • Patterned fluorescent hydrogels show promise for secure, protected message display applications.