Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 3, 2026

State-Dependency Effects on TMS: A Look at Motive Phosphene Behavior
Published on: December 28, 2010
Predicting vitamin E and C consumption intentions and behaviors among factory workers based on protection motivation
Sahar Mohammad Nabizadeh1, Parvaneh Taymoori2, Mohammad Saleh Hazhir3
1Environmental Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 6618634683, Sanandaj, Iran.
Background:
Study of antioxidant vitamin consumption behavior, especially in high-risk groups with high exposure to toxic metals to reduce metal toxicity, is emphasized. This study aims to examine the structural relationships between knowledge, protection motivation theory constructs, and vitamin E and C consumption behavior among cement factory workers.
Methods:
Protection motivation theory and food frequency questionnaires were completed by 420 factory workers. Data were subjected to structural equation modeling to examine associations between knowledge, protection motivation theory constructs, and vitamin E and C consumption behavior. Efficacy of current recommended models was also explored.
Results:
Structural equation modeling showed high explained variance within the constructs of protection motivation theory for vitamin E and C consumption behavior and intention (56-76%). The overall fit of the structural models was acceptable for both vitamin E and C behavior. Knowledge, self-efficacy, response efficacy, and perceived vulnerability predicted intention, which in turn predicted vitamin consumption behavior. Significant relationships between knowledge and self-efficacy, response efficacy, perceived vulnerability, and perceived severity were also found, while self-efficacy and response efficacy showed significant relationships with vitamin E and C consumption behavior.
Conclusions:
Considering that response efficacy, self-efficacy, and intention showed as strong predictors of vitamin E and C consumption behavior, specific attention should be paid to coping appraisals and intention when designing intervention plans. Additionally, establishing the predicting role of knowledge for protection motivation theory constructs and protective behaviors should be integrated into intervention programs.
Related Concept Videos
Factorial Design
Incentive Theory: Pull Theory of Motivation
The theory differentiates between...
Drive-Reduction Theory: Push Theory of Motivation
Social Exchange Theory
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance

