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Neurodevelopmental outcomes among extremely premature infants with linear growth restriction

J M Meyers1, S Tan2, E F Bell3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA. jeff_meyers@urmc.rochester.edu.

Journal of Perinatology : Official Journal of the California Perinatal Association
|October 25, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Linear growth-restricted (LGR) infants born prematurely had poorer language development. Among these infants, rapid weight gain was linked to worse neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal research
  • Developmental pediatrics
  • Pediatric neurology

Background:

  • Linear growth restriction (LGR) in preterm infants (<29 weeks) is associated with altered neurodevelopmental trajectories.
  • Understanding the impact of weight gain patterns on neurodevelopment in LGR infants is crucial for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants born <29 weeks with and without LGR.
  • To assess neurodevelopmental outcomes in LGR infants based on weight gain relative to linear growth.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 1227 preterm infants was analyzed.
  • Neurodevelopmental outcomes assessed at 2 years included Bayley-III cognitive, motor, and language scores.
  • Cerebral palsy, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level ≥2, and neurodevelopmental impairment were evaluated.

Main Results:

  • LGR infants were smaller, less mature, and had higher BMI at birth compared to non-LGR infants.
  • LGR infants exhibited lower Bayley-III language scores (82.3 vs. 85.0, p<0.05).
  • Among LGR infants, those with high BMI had significantly lower language scores (80.8 vs. 83.3, p<0.05) and were more likely to have GMFCS level ≥2 and neurodevelopmental impairment.

Conclusions:

  • Weight gain out of proportion to linear growth in LGR infants is associated with poorer neurodevelopmental outcomes.
  • These findings highlight the importance of monitoring growth patterns in preterm infants to optimize developmental trajectories.
Abstract

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