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Related Concept Videos

Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones01:17

Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones

4.7K
In the presence of oxidizing agents, phenols are oxidized to quinones. Quinones can be easily reduced back to phenols using mild reducing agents. The electron-donating hydroxyl group enhances the reactivity of the aromatic ring, enabling oxidation of the ring even in the absence of an α hydrogen.
o-hydroxy phenols are oxidized to o-quinones and p-hydroxy phenols to p-quinones. Such redox reactions involve the transfer of two electrons and two protons. The reversible redox...
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Molecules and Compounds02:38

Molecules and Compounds

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Atoms and Molecules
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Structure and Nomenclature of Alcohols and Phenols02:23

Structure and Nomenclature of Alcohols and Phenols

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Overview
Alcohols are one of the most important functional groups in organic chemistry. The name of alcohol comes from the hydrocarbon from which it is derived. Alcohols are organic molecules containing the functional hydroxyl or –OH group directly bonded to carbon. Phenols have an OH group directly attached to a benzene ring. While alcohols are colorless, phenol is a white crystalline compound with a characteristic "hospital smell" odor.
As with other organic compounds, alcohols and...
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Physical Properties of Alcohols and Phenols02:32

Physical Properties of Alcohols and Phenols

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Alcohols are organic compounds in which a hydroxy group is attached to a saturated carbon. Phenols are a class of alcohols containing a hydroxy group attached to an aromatic ring. The physical properties of the alcohols and phenols are influenced by hydrogen bonding due to the oxygen–hydrogen dipole in the hydroxy functional group and dispersion forces between alkyl or aryl regions of alcohol and phenol molecules.
Alcohols possess a higher boiling point than aliphatic hydrocarbons of similar...
16.7K
Organic Compounds03:02

Organic Compounds

57.4K
All living things are formed mostly of carbon compounds called organic compounds. The category of organic compounds includes both natural and synthetic compounds that contain carbon. Although a single, precise definition has yet to be identified by the chemistry community, most agree that a defining trait of organic molecules is the presence of carbon as the principal element, bonded to hydrogen and other carbon atoms. However, some carbon-containing compounds such as carbonates, cyanides, and...
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Acidity and Basicity of Alcohols and Phenols02:36

Acidity and Basicity of Alcohols and Phenols

22.2K
Like water, alcohols are weak acids and bases. This is attributed to the polarization of the O–H bond making the hydrogen partially positive. Moreover, the electron pairs on the oxygen atom of alcohol make it both basic and nucleophilic. Protonation of an alcohol converts hydroxide, a poor leaving group, into water—a good one. The two acid–base equilibria corresponding to ethanol are depicted below.
22.2K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Microalgae Cultivation and Biomass Quantification in a Bench-Scale Photobioreactor with Corrosive Flue Gases
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Microalgae Cultivation and Biomass Quantification in a Bench-Scale Photobioreactor with Corrosive Flue Gases

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Microalgae cultivation for phenolic compounds removal.

Riham Surkatti1, Sulaiman Al-Zuhair2

  • 1Chemical Engineering Department, United Arab Emirates University, 15551, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
|October 25, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Microalgae cultivation offers a sustainable method for biodiesel production and valuable compound extraction. This approach also effectively removes phenolic compounds from wastewater, enhancing economic feasibility.

Keywords:
Biochemical compositionBiodegradationMicroalgaePhenolsWastewater

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Cultivation of Green Microalgae in Bubble Column Photobioreactors and an Assay for Neutral Lipids
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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Environmental Science
  • Renewable Energy

Background:

  • Microalgae are a sustainable source of oils for biodiesel.
  • Microalgae yield valuable compounds like proteins and pigments for food and pharmaceuticals.
  • Wastewater treatment using microalgae integrates valuable product generation with environmental remediation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current applications of microalgae cultivation for wastewater treatment.
  • To focus on the removal of phenolic compounds from wastewater by microalgae.
  • To discuss the impact of cultivation conditions on contaminant removal, biomass productivity, and microalgal chemical composition.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of microalgae cultivation for wastewater treatment.
  • Analysis of factors affecting phenolic compound removal efficiency.
  • Evaluation of microalgal biomass productivity and composition under various conditions.

Main Results:

  • Microalgae cultivation is effective for removing phenolic compounds from wastewater.
  • Cultivation conditions significantly influence contaminant removal rates and biomass yield.
  • Microalgal biomass composition is affected by environmental factors during treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Microalgae cultivation presents a dual-purpose strategy for wastewater remediation and resource recovery.
  • Optimizing cultivation conditions is key to maximizing both contaminant removal and biomass production.
  • This integrated approach enhances the economic viability of microalgae-based technologies.