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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing

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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
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Genomics02:02

Genomics

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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

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Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
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Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

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While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
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Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Microinjection for Transgenesis and Genome Editing in Threespine Sticklebacks
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Microinjection in Zebrafish for Genome Editing and Functional Studies.

Wuhong Pei1, Shawn M Burgess2

  • 1Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|October 25, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Zebrafish embryos enable rapid, in vitro development for genetic studies. Microinjection allows precise manipulation of larval cells for genome editing and functional research, enhancing biological and translational studies.

Keywords:
CRISPRFunctional studiesMicroinjectionMutagenesisTransgenesisZebrafish

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics
  • Zebrafish as a Model Organism

Background:

  • Zebrafish embryos offer rapid, in vitro development, distinct from mammalian models.
  • Easy access to zebrafish embryos facilitates manipulation of larval molecular and cellular composition.
  • Microinjection is a key technique for modifying zebrafish embryos.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail the essential steps and applications of microinjection in zebrafish.
  • To highlight the use of microinjection for genome editing and functional studies.
  • To provide experimental tips for successful microinjection.

Main Methods:

  • Microinjection into zebrafish embryos.
  • Genome editing techniques.
  • Functional assays in zebrafish larvae.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of essential microinjection steps.
  • Examples of applications in genome editing.
  • Examples of applications in functional studies.

Conclusions:

  • Microinjection is a powerful technique for zebrafish research.
  • This method supports biological and translational studies.
  • Experimental tips are crucial for successful microinjection outcomes.