Heart Centers for Women: Historical Perspective on Formation and Future Strategies to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Women's Health
• Public Health

Background:

• Cardiovascular disease (CVD) historically had higher mortality rates in women compared to men.
• Limited sex-specific research and awareness contributed to disparities in women's CVD outcomes.
• Heart Centers for Women (HCW) were established to address these critical gaps in care.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the impact of Heart Centers for Women (HCW) on cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes in women.
• To identify persistent disparities in CVD mortality reduction among women.
• To propose new strategies for expanding and improving the HCW model.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of CVD mortality trends in women versus men from 1984 to 2015.
• Review of the role and contributions of Heart Centers for Women (HCW) in addressing sex-specific CVD issues.
• Identification of areas for future development and expansion of the HCW model.

Main Results:

• CVD mortality in women declined below that of men by 2014-2015.
• Increased public and provider awareness of CVD in women has been observed.
• Despite progress, not all women have equally benefited from mortality reductions, indicating ongoing disparities.

Conclusions:

• Heart Centers for Women (HCW) have been instrumental in improving CVD outcomes for women.
• New strategies are required to address remaining disparities and ensure equitable care for all women.
• Future HCW models should incorporate expanded curricula, interdisciplinary collaboration, diverse care approaches, and inclusivity of male providers.