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Related Concept Videos

Masking and Demasking Agents01:19

Masking and Demasking Agents

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EDTA titrations may necessitate masking and demasking agents to temporarily protect a particular metal ion in a mixture from the EDTA reaction. These agents facilitate the sequential analysis of the metal ions by forming stable complexes with some—but not all—metal ions during certain steps.
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Hypertension is a widespread, long-term medical condition where blood pressure in the arteries remains elevated. It is characterized by systolic blood pressure readings of 130 mm Hg or above or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) readings of 80 mm Hg or higher. Unmanaged hypertension poses significant health risks, making the distinction between primary (or essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension crucial, as their management and implications vary.Primary HypertensionPrimary hypertension,...
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Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
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Hypertension V: Nursing Management01:23

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The nursing management of hypertension involves accurately assessing symptoms, making a comprehensive nursing diagnosis, collaborating with patients to set goals, and implementing targeted interventions to mitigate the condition's impact and improve patient well-being.Comprehensive AssessmentThe initial step in nursing care for hypertension involves a thorough patient assessment. It includes evaluating symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, blurred vision, and previous hypertension episodes.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Testing Tactile Masking between the Forearms
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Prognostic Value of Masked Uncontrolled Hypertension.

Sante D Pierdomenico1, Anna M Pierdomenico2, Francesca Coccina2

  • 1From the Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences (S.D.P.), University Gabriele d'Annunzio, Chieti-Pescara, Italy.

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)
|October 26, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Masked uncontrolled hypertension (MUCH) significantly increases cardiovascular event and mortality risk compared to controlled hypertension (CH). This risk is evident regardless of measurement method, follow-up duration, or ethnicity, with higher risks noted in Black patients.

Keywords:
blood pressurehypertensionmasked hypertensionmortalityrisk

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Hypertension Research
  • Preventive Medicine

Background:

  • The prognostic significance of masked uncontrolled hypertension (MUCH) remains uncertain globally.
  • Previous assessments of MUCH's impact on cardiovascular outcomes and mortality are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a comprehensive meta-analysis evaluating the prognostic value of MUCH.
  • To assess the global impact of MUCH on cardiovascular events and mortality.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic search for studies comparing outcomes in MUCH versus controlled hypertension (CH).
  • Inclusion of studies reporting adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
  • Meta-analysis of data from 11 studies (30,352 patients, 1327 events) using ambulatory or home blood pressure monitoring.

Main Results:

  • MUCH was associated with a significantly increased risk of composite cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality (overall adjusted HR: 1.80; 95% CI, 1.57-2.06).
  • Subgroup analyses confirmed increased risk with both ambulatory (adjusted HR: 1.83; 95% CI, 1.52-2.21) and home blood pressure monitoring (adjusted HR: 1.75; 95% CI, 1.38-2.20).
  • Higher risk observed across all ethnic groups, particularly in studies including Black patients.

Conclusions:

  • MUCH poses a significantly elevated risk for cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality compared to CH.
  • Both ambulatory and home blood pressure monitoring effectively identify patients with MUCH, conveying similar prognostic information.