Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Tail Vein Transection Bleeding Model in Fully Anesthetized Hemophilia A Mice
Published on: September 30, 2021
Transcatheter embolization effectively controls acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding without localizing bleeding
Han Hee Lee1,2, Jung Suk Oh3, Jae Myung Park1,2
1a Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine , College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , Korea.
Background And Aims:
Colonoscopy is preferred for treatment of lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB). However, several conditions such as poor bowel preparation can cause endoscopic failure, leading to surgery or transcatheter therapy as alternative options. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) for LGIB in patients with endoscopic failure.
Methods:
Between January 2005 and June 2015, 93 consecutive patients with acute LGIB underwent visceral angiography at three academic hospitals. Among them, a total of 52 patients were treated with TAE for LGIB and analyzed. Technical success, complications and 30-day rebleeding and mortality after TAE were investigated retrospectively in patients with and without localization of LGIB.
Results:
Technical success of TAE was achieved in all patients. After TAE, 30-day rebleeding and mortality rate were 27% (14/52) and 29% (15/52), respectively. TAE was performed without localizing bleeding site in 32 of 52 patients (62%). Between patients with and without localized bleeding site, there were no significant differences in 30-day rebleeding rate (25% vs. 28%) and mortality rate (15% vs. 38%). Causes of death were mostly unrelated to bleeding. Only two cases of bowel infarction occurred after TAE in patients without bleeding site localization. Rebleeding could be predicted if the patient received more than six units of packed red blood cell transfusion before TAE in multivariate analysis.
Conclusions:
TAE can be an effective treatment for LGIB even without localizing bleeding site.
Related Concept Videos
Bleeding in Fresh Concrete
Bleeding can cause several issues in the concrete structure. Sometimes, the rising water gets trapped beneath large aggregate...
Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects
Once absorbed into the systemic circulation, local anesthetics can affect the organs that depend on the functioning of sodium...
Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction
Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal System
Here's a detailed walkthrough of this complex system:
Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders
Histology of the Gastrointestinal (GI) Tract
The mucosa is sometimes called a mucous membrane due to its mucus-secreting features. This membrane is composed of epithelium, which directly interacts with ingested substances, and the lamina propria, a layer...

