Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

A Familial Hypercholesterolemia Human Liver Chimeric Mouse Model Using Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Hepatocytes
10:56

A Familial Hypercholesterolemia Human Liver Chimeric Mouse Model Using Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Hepatocytes

Published on: September 15, 2018

8.5K

Management of High and Very High-Risk Subjects with Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Results from an Observational

Ivo S Petrov1, Arman Sh Postadzhiyan2, Mariya P Tokmakova3

  • 1Department of Angiology and Electrophysiology, City Clinic, Heart and Vascular Institute, Sofia, Bulgaria.

Folia Medica
|October 26, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) management in Bulgaria shows low achievement of LDL-C targets. Improved early identification and physician education are crucial for better cardiovascular disease outcomes in FH patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Genetics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a genetic disorder leading to early atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD).
  • This study retrospectively analyzed FH patient characteristics and management in Bulgaria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the clinical characteristics and management of FH subjects in Bulgaria.
  • To assess the achievement of LDL-C targets in FH patients under current treatment protocols.

Main Methods:

  • A 12-month retrospective observational study involving 12 cardiology sites in Bulgaria.
  • Included 196 subjects meeting FH criteria, with baseline and 12-month LDL-C measurements and lipid-lowering therapy (LLT).
  • Evaluated patient demographics, cardiovascular risk, and LLT regimens, including statins and ezetimibe.

Main Results:

  • Mean age of FH subjects was 54.4 years, with 64.1% males; 26.8% were high-risk and 73.2% very high-risk for CVD.
  • Mean LDL-C decreased from 5.6 mmol/L to 4.1 mmol/L over 12 months, but only 14.5% of high-risk and 5.0% of very high-risk subjects reached ESC/EAS targets.
  • Most patients received statins (99.5%), with 38.6% on intensive statin therapy and 10% on combination therapy.

Conclusions:

  • The majority of FH patients in Bulgaria do not achieve guideline-defined LDL-C targets.
  • Early FH identification and enhanced physician education are recommended to improve patient management and reduce cardiovascular risk.
Abstract

Keywords:
arcus cornealiscoronary heart diseasefamilial hypercholesterolemialipid modifying therapytendinous xanthomata

More Related Videos

Measurement of Fronto-limbic Activity Using an Emotional Oddball Task in Children with Familial High Risk for Schizophrenia13:08

Measurement of Fronto-limbic Activity Using an Emotional Oddball Task in Children with Familial High Risk for Schizophrenia

Published on: December 2, 2015

9.5K
Design and Implementation of an fMRI Study Examining Thought Suppression in Young Women with, and At-risk, for Depression08:42

Design and Implementation of an fMRI Study Examining Thought Suppression in Young Women with, and At-risk, for Depression

Published on: May 19, 2015

11.2K

Related Concept Videos

Gene Families01:57

Gene Families

Gene families consist of groups of genes proposed to have originated from a common ancestor. Typically these arise through events in which a gene or genes are mistakenly duplicated during cell division. Unlike their parent genes (which are subject to selection pressure to maintain function), these gene copies do not need to preserve their sequences and may evolve at a relatively faster rate.
Occasionally these regions can be adapted to take on new roles within the organism, becoming novel genes...
9.9K
Gene Families01:57

Gene Families

3.8K
Protein Families02:47

Protein Families

Protein families are groups of homologous proteins; that is, they have similarities in amino acid sequences and three-dimensional structures. Protein families usually occur because of gene duplication, where an additional copy of a gene is inserted into the genome of an organism.   Mutations that change the amino acids but still allow the protein to be properly synthesized, will lead to new protein family members.   If these new proteins contain similar amino acids in key...
16.9K
Protein Families02:47

Protein Families

4.5K
Observational Studies01:11

Observational Studies

Observational studies are a type of analytical study where researchers observe events without any interventions. In other words, the researcher does not influence the response variable or the experiment's outcome.
There are three types of observational studies – Prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional.
Prospective Study
Prospective studies, also known as longitudinal or cohort studies, are carried out by collecting future data from groups sharing similar characteristics. One...
11.1K
Bioavailability Study Design: Healthy Subjects Versus Patients01:15

Bioavailability Study Design: Healthy Subjects Versus Patients

Bioavailability studies are essential for evaluating a drug's therapeutic efficacy and understanding its absorption patterns under various physiological conditions. Conducting such studies on target patient populations provides more relevant data by simulating real-world disease states. However, practical challenges often necessitate the use of young, healthy adult volunteers as study subjects.Patients may exhibit altered drug absorption patterns due to the effects of the disease itself,...
156