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Inflammatory Markers in Anorexia Nervosa: An Exploratory Study.

Bethan Dalton1, Iain C Campbell2, Raymond Chung3,4

  • 1Section of Eating Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK. bethan.l.dalton@kcl.ac.uk.

Nutrients
|October 26, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study found elevated inflammation markers like Interleukin-6 and reduced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN). Many inflammatory markers remained unchanged despite severe underweight and significant eating disorder symptoms.

Keywords:
adhesion moleculesanorexia nervosachemokinescytokinesinflammationinflammatory markers

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Inflammation is hypothesized to contribute to the pathophysiology of anorexia nervosa (AN).
  • Previous research has not extensively quantified a wide range of inflammatory markers in AN patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore serum concentrations of 40 inflammatory markers and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in individuals with AN compared to healthy controls (HCs).
  • To investigate potential confounding variables affecting inflammatory marker levels in AN.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study measuring serum concentrations of 40 inflammatory markers and BDNF in 27 AN patients and 13 HCs.
  • Assessment of eating disorder and general psychopathology symptoms, body mass index (BMI), and body composition.

Main Results:

  • Significantly elevated serum concentrations of Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-15, and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 in AN participants.
  • Significantly lower concentrations of BDNF, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-β, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A in AN participants compared to HCs.
  • Most quantified markers remained unchanged in AN patients despite severe underweight and significant psychological distress.

Conclusions:

  • Specific inflammatory markers and BDNF levels are altered in individuals with AN.
  • Age, BMI, and body fat percentage are potential confounders for inflammatory marker levels.
  • Further research is needed to replicate findings and explore other confounders like smoking and physical activity.