Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Competition02:34

Competition

24.8K
When organisms require the same limited resources within an environment, they may have to compete for them. Competition is a net-negative interaction. Even if two competing individuals or populations do not interact directly, the overall fitness of both competitors is lowered as a result of not having full access to the limited resource.
24.8K
Nondepolarizing (Competitive) Neuromuscular Blockers: Pharmacokinetics01:11

Nondepolarizing (Competitive) Neuromuscular Blockers: Pharmacokinetics

798
All neuromuscular blocking agents are injected intravenously because they are poorly absorbed from the GI tract. Rapid onset is achieved with intravenous administration, although absorption is also adequate from an intramuscular injection. Since these agents are highly ionized, they do not readily penetrate cell membranes or cross the blood-brain barrier.
Instead, they are transported by the blood to different tissues. Muscles with a greater blood supply (arteries) and blood flow receive more...
798
Nondepolarizing (Competitive) Neuromuscular Blockers: Mechanism of Action01:17

Nondepolarizing (Competitive) Neuromuscular Blockers: Mechanism of Action

2.9K
Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers induce paralysis by competitively blocking nicotinic acetylcholine receptors at the muscle end plate. Examples include pancuronium, mivacurium, vecuronium, and rocuronium. These quaternary ammonium derivatives are administered intravenously, are poorly absorbed, and are excreted via the kidneys.
Competitive antagonists prevent acetylcholine from binding to its receptor, inhibiting membrane depolarization. Without conformational changes or intrinsic...
2.9K
Nondepolarizing (Competitive) Neuromuscular Blockers: Pharmacological Actions01:27

Nondepolarizing (Competitive) Neuromuscular Blockers: Pharmacological Actions

974
Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers prevent the membrane depolarization of muscle cells and inhibit muscle contraction. These are usually administered with anesthetics to achieve complete muscle relaxation. Upon administration, these drugs first block the small, rapidly contracting muscles of the face and hands, followed by the larger muscles of the trunk and the intercostal muscles. The diaphragm is the last muscle to be affected.
Although all competitive neuromuscular blockers are designed...
974
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

8.9K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
8.9K
Targets for Drug Action: Overview01:26

Targets for Drug Action: Overview

10.3K
Drugs target macromolecules to modify ongoing cellular processes. Primary drug targets include receptors, ion channels, transporters, and enzymes.
Receptors are either membrane-spanning or intracellular proteins, which upon binding a ligand, get activated and transmit the signal downstream to elicit a response. Drugs bind receptors, either mimicking the action of endogenous ligands or blocking the receptor activity to bring about a modified response. Nearly 35% of approved drugs target the G...
10.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Orchestrating gameplay in Dutch physical education: how and why teachers regulate task difficulty.

Frontiers in sports and active living·2026
Same author

Perceptual grouping can affect the online control of goal-directed hand movements.

Experimental brain research·2026
Same author

Intercepting moving targets: does the visuomotor latency depend on whether one taps on the target or slides through it?

Experimental brain research·2026
Same author

Enforcing a high success percentage interferes with reward-based motor learning.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

How prior motor states can shape perceptual decision bias: Insights from sensorimotor beta oscillations.

Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior·2026
Same author

The role of feedback for sensorimotor decisions under risk.

Journal of vision·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity
06:46

Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity

Published on: March 18, 2019

7.5K

Target-distractor competition cannot be resolved across a saccade.

Kiki Arkesteijn1,2, Jeroen B J Smeets3, Mieke Donk4

  • 1Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. k.arkesteijn@vu.nl.

Scientific Reports
|October 26, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Saccadic eye movements show a bias towards distractors when targets and distractors are close. This bias persists across saccades if the distractor is gone, but is resolved with visual guidance after the saccade.

More Related Videos

Irrelevant Stimuli and Action Control: Analyzing the Influence of Ignored Stimuli via the Distractor-Response Binding Paradigm
12:12

Irrelevant Stimuli and Action Control: Analyzing the Influence of Ignored Stimuli via the Distractor-Response Binding Paradigm

Published on: May 14, 2014

11.0K
Recording Horizontal Saccade Performances Accurately in Neurological Patients Using Electro-oculogram
06:12

Recording Horizontal Saccade Performances Accurately in Neurological Patients Using Electro-oculogram

Published on: March 13, 2018

11.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity
06:46

Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity

Published on: March 18, 2019

7.5K
Irrelevant Stimuli and Action Control: Analyzing the Influence of Ignored Stimuli via the Distractor-Response Binding Paradigm
12:12

Irrelevant Stimuli and Action Control: Analyzing the Influence of Ignored Stimuli via the Distractor-Response Binding Paradigm

Published on: May 14, 2014

11.0K
Recording Horizontal Saccade Performances Accurately in Neurological Patients Using Electro-oculogram
06:12

Recording Horizontal Saccade Performances Accurately in Neurological Patients Using Electro-oculogram

Published on: March 13, 2018

11.1K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • A distractor near a target during saccadic eye movements causes landing errors, known as the global effect.
  • This effect is attributed to unresolved target-distractor competition.
  • It remains unknown if this bias persists across saccades due to changing retinotopic representations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether the saccadic landing bias towards a distractor persists across successive saccades.
  • To determine if visual guidance after a saccade can resolve target-distractor competition.

Main Methods:

  • Participants performed successive saccades to targets with a simultaneously presented distractor near the second target.
  • The second saccade was either visually-guided or memory-guided.
  • The distractor disappeared after the first saccade.

Main Results:

  • Memory-guided second saccades showed a persistent landing bias towards the distractor's location.
  • Visually-guided second saccades eliminated the landing bias, even with short intersaccadic intervals.
  • This indicates remapping of the saccadic plan across saccades.

Conclusions:

  • Target-distractor competition is not automatically resolved across saccades.
  • Visual information available after a saccade is crucial for resolving this competition.
  • Saccadic remapping may preserve, rather than resolve, initial competition biases.