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C-MYC, HIF-1α, ERG, TKT, and GSTP1: an Axis in Prostate Cancer?

L Boldrini1, R Bartoletti2, M Giordano3

  • 1Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Via Roma 57, 56126, Pisa, Italy. laura.boldrini@med.unipi.it.

Pathology Oncology Research : POR
|October 26, 2018
PubMed
Summary

High c-myc and HIF-1α levels are potential prostate cancer biomarkers. Analysis revealed significant associations between c-myc, HIF-1α, GSTP1, TKT, and ERG expression, suggesting a complex regulatory axis in prostate cancer.

Keywords:
C-mycGSTP1, TKT, ERGHIF-1αProstate cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Prostate cancer (PCA) is a leading cause of cancer mortality in men.
  • Identifying reliable biomarkers for PCA characterization is crucial for effective management.
  • Existing biomarkers often lack specificity or sensitivity, necessitating further research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of c-myc and HIF-1α as biomarkers for prostate cancer.
  • To analyze the expression levels and correlations of c-myc, HIF-1α, GSTP1, TKT, and ERG in prostate cancer.
  • To explore a potential molecular axis involving these factors in PCA pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Quantification of c-myc and HIF-1α expression in 72 prostate cancer specimens.
  • Analysis of a larger cohort of 497 prostate cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.
  • Statistical analysis to determine associations between gene expression levels.

Main Results:

  • High c-myc expression significantly correlated with elevated HIF-1α levels in both sample sets (p=0.008 and p=0.0005).
  • High c-myc was associated with low GSTP1 (p=0.01) and high TKT (p<0.0001) expression.
  • Low GSTP1 expression correlated with high TKT (p<0.0001) and increased ERG expression (p=0.02).
  • Low GSTP1 also showed higher ERG mRNA levels compared to high GSTP1 (p<0.0001).

Conclusions:

  • HIF-1α and c-myc show potential as valuable biomarkers for prostate cancer characterization.
  • A significant crosstalk exists between c-myc, HIF-1α, ERG, TKT, and GSTP1 in prostate cancer.
  • This molecular axis warrants further investigation for its potential therapeutic and diagnostic applications in PCA.