[Complications Associated with Spinal Cord Stimulation, Radiofrequency and Pulsed Radiofrequency]

Intraoperative complications regarding spinal cord stimulation (SCS) are dural or arachnoidal puncture, spinal or radicular injury and bleeding. Most common complications after SCS are malposition of epidural lead and unexpected device trouble. Other severe complica- tions are infection, hematoma and post dural puncture headache. Complications associated with radiofre- quency and pulsed radiofrequency are bleeding, infec- tion, tissue damage, sensory or motor disturbance and burn injury. And there is known spinal cord infarction as a severe complication. We should explain about the therapeutic procedure and associated complications to patients. Moreover, the immediate assessing of complications and appropriate treatments are necessary.