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Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction-based Analyses of Murine Intestinal Microbiota After Oral Antibiotic Treatment
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The Oral Microbiota Is Modified by Systemic Diseases.

D T Graves1, J D Corrêa2, T A Silva2

  • 11 Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Journal of Dental Research
|October 26, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Systemic diseases like diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis worsen periodontal disease by altering oral bacteria and increasing inflammation. Interleukin-17 (IL-17) plays a key role in these microbial changes.

Keywords:
bacteriabiofilmdysbiosisinflammationperiodontitisperiodontium

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Area of Science:

  • Oral microbiology
  • Periodontology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Periodontal diseases stem from oral bacteria in biofilms, affecting gum tissue.
  • Systemic conditions like diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) heighten susceptibility to severe periodontal disease.
  • These systemic diseases are linked to reduced beneficial oral bacteria and increased harmful bacteria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of systemic diseases on the oral microbiome.
  • To explore the role of inflammation and Interleukin-17 (IL-17) in mediating these changes.
  • To understand how systemic inflammation influences periodontal disease severity.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of oral microbiota composition in patients with diabetes, RA, and SLE.
  • Animal models to assess the pathogenicity of the oral microbiome under diabetic conditions.
  • Investigating the effect of IL-17 inhibition on microbial pathogenicity in diabetic models.
  • Observing the impact of anti-inflammatory treatments on oral dysbiosis in RA patients.

Main Results:

  • Systemic diseases alter oral bacterial taxa, decreasing health-associated species and increasing disease-associated ones.
  • Diabetes, RA, and SLE are associated with specific shifts in oral bacterial populations.
  • In diabetic models, enhanced oral microbiome pathogenicity (inflammation, bone loss) was observed, which was reversed by IL-17 inhibition.
  • Increased IL-17 levels are implicated in oral microbial changes across SLE, RA, and other inflammatory conditions.
  • Anti-inflammatory treatment for RA partially restored oral microbial balance.

Conclusions:

  • Systemic diseases characterized by inflammation significantly disrupt the oral microbiota.
  • Interleukin-17 (IL-17) emerges as a critical mediator in the link between systemic inflammation and oral microbial dysbiosis.
  • Targeting IL-17 may offer therapeutic potential for managing periodontitis in patients with systemic inflammatory conditions.