SnO₂ Nanosheets Anchored on a 3D, Bicontinuous Electron and Ion Transport Carbon Network for High-Performance...

Here, we demonstrate the in situ growth of SnO₂ nanosheets on a freestanding carbonized eggshell membrane (CEM), which provides three-dimensional, bicontinuous electron and ion transport pathways through a massively interconnected carbon fiber skeleton and interpenetrated pore network, respectively. This CEM has other advantages such as the ability to alleviate mechanical stress during cycling as a buffer matrix. When used as an additive-free anode in a sodium-ion battery, SnO₂ nanosheets can realize a complete electrochemical reaction and maintain good cycling stability with the help of a CEM. For instance, SnO₂ nanosheets delivered a high reversible capacity of 656 mA h g^-1 in the 5th cycle at 0.1 A g^-1, approaching 98% of its theoretical specific capacity, and maintained a high reversible specific capacity of 420 mA h g^-1 after 200 cycles at 0.2 A g^-1.