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Pharmacological treatments for functional nausea and functional dyspepsia in children: a systematic review

Pamela D Browne1, Sjoerd C J Nagelkerke1, Faridi S van Etten-Jamaludin2

  • 1a Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC , University of Amsterdam, Pediatric Gastroenterology , Amsterdam , The Netherlands.

Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology
|October 27, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Pharmacological treatments for pediatric functional dyspepsia (FD) show mixed results, with some drugs offering symptom relief but lacking strong evidence. More high-quality trials are needed to confirm efficacy and safety for children with FD.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Pharmacology
  • Evidence-Based Medicine

Background:

  • Chronic idiopathic nausea (CIN) and functional dyspepsia (FD) significantly impact children's quality of life.
  • Current evidence on pharmacological treatments for pediatric CIN and FD is limited.
  • Systematic reviews are crucial for assessing treatment efficacy and safety in pediatric populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the efficacy and safety of pharmacological treatments for CIN or FD in children aged 4-18 years.
  • To evaluate the quality of evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for these conditions.
  • To identify gaps in research and guide future clinical investigations.

Main Methods:

  • Searched CENTRAL, EMBASE, and Medline databases for relevant RCTs.
  • Included studies focused on children aged 4-18 years with CIN or FD.
  • Assessed the methodological quality of included studies using the Cochrane risk of bias tool.

Main Results:

  • Three RCTs involving 256 children with FD (aged 2-16 years) were included; no studies for CIN were found.
  • All included studies exhibited a considerable risk of bias, necessitating cautious interpretation of results.
  • While some drugs like famotidine showed potential benefits in symptom improvement compared to placebo, overall evidence remains weak.

Conclusions:

  • The current systematic review found insufficient evidence to support the use of pharmacological drugs for treating CIN or FD in children.
  • Existing studies have significant limitations, including a high risk of bias.
  • Further high-quality randomized controlled trials are essential to establish effective and safe pharmacological interventions for pediatric functional gastrointestinal disorders.
Abstract

Keywords:
Childrenfunctional dyspepsiafunctional nauseapharmacological treatmentsystematic review

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