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Related Concept Videos

Diffusion01:12

Diffusion

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Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
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Diffusion01:21

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Diffusion is a type of passive transport. In passive transport, a substance tends to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the concentration is equal across the space. For example, take the diffusion of substances through the air. When someone opens a perfume bottle in a room filled with people, the perfume is at its highest concentration in the bottle and is at its lowest at the edges of the room. The perfume vapor will diffuse, or spread away, from the...
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Theories of Dissolution: Diffusion Layer Model01:15

Theories of Dissolution: Diffusion Layer Model

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Dissolution, the process by which drug particles dissolve in a solvent, is explained by the diffusion layer model, a theoretical framework that simulates the absorption of oral drugs and allows us to analyze experimental data.
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Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Blood Flow-Limited Versus Diffusion-Limited Models00:57

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Physiological pharmacokinetic models, often called flow-limited or perfusion models, typically assume a swift drug distribution between tissue and venous blood, creating a rapid drug equilibrium. This premise is based on the idea that drug diffusion is extremely fast, and the cell membrane presents no barrier to drug permeation. In this scenario, where no drug binding occurs, the drug concentration in the tissue equals that of the venous blood leaving the tissue. This greatly simplifies the...
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Facilitated Diffusion01:16

Facilitated Diffusion

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The plasma membrane, a critical structure in cellular biology, houses an array of transporters, or carrier proteins, interspersed within its lipid bilayer. These proteins play a crucial role in solute transport through facilitated diffusion, a form of passive diffusion that uses transporters to move the molecules across the membrane.
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Behavior of Gas Molecules: Molecular Diffusion, Mean Free Path, and Effusion03:48

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Although gaseous molecules travel at tremendous speeds (hundreds of meters per second), they collide with other gaseous molecules and travel in many different directions before reaching the desired target. At room temperature, a gaseous molecule will experience billions of collisions per second. The mean free path is the average distance a molecule travels between collisions. The mean free path increases with decreasing pressure; in general, the mean free path for a gaseous molecule will be...
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Updated: Feb 3, 2026

A Method for Determination and Simulation of Permeability and Diffusion in a 3D Tissue Model in a Membrane Insert System for Multi-well Plates
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The diffusion model visualizer: an interactive tool to understand the diffusion model parameters.

Rainer W Alexandrowicz1

  • 1Alpen-Adria-Universitat Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt, Austria. rainer.alexandrowicz@aau.at.

Psychological Research
|October 27, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The diffusion model visualizer (DMV) interactively demonstrates the seven parameters of the diffusion model (DM) for analyzing response time (RT) data. This tool aids in understanding DM parameters and identifying estimation issues in psychological research.

Keywords:
Data visualizationDiffusion modelReaction time analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • Response time (RT) data are crucial in psychology.
  • The diffusion model (DM) analyzes RT data in two-alternative-choice tasks.
  • DM parameters are complex and difficult to interpret directly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce the diffusion model visualizer (DMV).
  • Facilitate interactive understanding of DM parameters.
  • Aid in diagnosing parameter estimation problems and detecting outliers.

Main Methods:

  • Developed the diffusion model visualizer (DMV) software.
  • Implemented interactive manipulation of DM parameters.
  • Enabled plotting of RT densities based on parameter adjustments.

Main Results:

  • The DMV allows intuitive exploration of how each of the seven DM parameters influences RT distributions.
  • The tool provides model-based ideal densities for comparison with empirical data.
  • DMV aids in identifying potential issues in parameter estimation and data quality.

Conclusions:

  • The DMV is a valuable tool for both didactic and research purposes in cognitive psychology.
  • It enhances comprehension of the diffusion model and its parameters.
  • DMV assists in troubleshooting parameter estimation and outlier detection in RT data analysis.