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Phospholipase C from human sperm specific for phosphoinositides.

H Ribbes, M Plantavid, P J Bennet

    Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
    |June 23, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Human sperm contain a phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C enzyme, primarily in the sperm head, that is activated by calcium and may play a role in fertilization.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Cell Biology
    • Reproductive Biology

    Background:

    • Phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PLC) enzymes play crucial roles in cellular signaling pathways.
    • Understanding PLC activity in human sperm is important for reproductive biology research.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize the activity and localization of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C in human sperm.
    • To investigate the enzyme's substrate specificity, kinetic properties, and potential role in fertilization.

    Main Methods:

    • Incubation of human sperm lysates with radiolabeled phosphoinositide substrates.
    • Enzyme activity assays under varying calcium concentrations, pH, and substrate concentrations.
    • Subcellular fractionation and differential centrifugation to determine enzyme localization.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparison of PLC activity with acrosin, a known sperm enzyme.

    • Main Results:

    • Human sperm lysates hydrolyzed 1-[14C]stearoyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoinositol, phosphatidyl[3H]inositol, [32P]phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate, and [32P]phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate.
    • The enzyme, identified as phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C, was calcium-activated (optimal 5-10 mM), pH 6.0, with an apparent Km of 0.08 mM.
    • 55% of the enzyme was solubilized, with particulate activity predominantly in the 1000 x g pellet.
    • Approximately 80% of particulate phospholipase C activity was localized to the sperm head.

    Conclusions:

    • Human sperm possess a functional phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C.
    • The enzyme's localization in the sperm head suggests a potential role in the acrosome reaction or fertilization process.
    • Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise physiological significance of this enzyme in human reproduction.